The Innocents
(1964)
by Edward D. Radin
Excerpt from Chapter 11 on
Lonnie Jenkins
As part of the growing-up process, every teen-aged girl has
the right to daydream about her future Prince Charming; quite often her
reveries will revolve about some public idol of the moment, shifting from
personality to personality as tastes change. Occasionally her choice will be
someone closer at hand, and the well-described furies of a woman scorned
know no age boundaries.
In 1931 the small world of Lonnie Jenkins, a Detroit streetcar conductor,
was centered largely around his wife, Edith, and their ten-year-old
daughter, Helen. The couple had two worries: Mrs. Jenkins was not in robust
health and she continued to work, which meant that their daughter frequently
was alone all day. Jenkins' tour of duty rotated, so there were occasions
when he could prepare a hot lunch for his daughter, but otherwise she had to
shift for herself. And keeping a household running in addition to holding
down a job was a burden for an ill woman.
What seemed to be an ideal solution presented itself when a neighbor, who
had remarried, found that her daughter, Betty, was in constant conflict with
her stepfather. The girl began to stay away from school and finally was
brought into court and threatened with being placed in an institution. At
this point Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins suggested that Betty could live with them;
she would provide companionship for their daughter, and she could assist
Mrs. Jenkins with household chores, easing that burden for an ill woman.
Both Betty and her mother readily agreed, and court approval was granted.
In order to give the girl a fresh start, the couple thoughtfully rented an
apartment in another neighborhood. Jenkins at that time was twenty-nine
years old, and Betty was entering her sixteenth year. The presence in the
household of a girl whose figure was swelling into young womanhood provided
neighbors with an opportunity to gossip, particularly when Betty gave every
indication that she was in love with the conductor. Neighbors soon had more
to talk about. Mr. and Mrs. Jenkins were overheard quarreling, and many
assumed that it was because of the girl.
Betty resumed her habit of cutting classes, and finally Mrs. Jenkins ordered
her to leave and reported her truancy to the court. The girl was sentenced
to thirteen months in the House of the Good Shepherd but was placed on
probation, and the court directed her to stay away from the Jenkins' home.
In late September Mrs. Jenkins attempted to kill herself. Neighbors smelled
gas, traced it to her apartment, and notified the building superintendent.
Mrs. Jenkins was found unconscious on the kitchen floor with all gas jets
open on the stove. A suicide note was on a table. After she was revived she
asked the building employees not to mention the incident to her husband, but
when Jenkins returned from work that day the superintendent reported it to
him.
It was several weeks later, shortly after noon on October 15, 1931, when
Jenkins reported that his wife had shot herself. To save time in getting
medical help, he dashed to the home of a doctor a block away and returned
immediately with him. There was a contact bullet wound in Mrs. Jenkins'
head; she died on the way to the hospital.
Jenkins told police that he had been dressing in the bedroom when he heard
the shot; he was on the afternoon shift that week and because it was payday
had planned to go in a little earlier. He ran into the living room, where he
found his wife on the floor, a pool of blood spreading under her head. He
told detectives that she was lying flat on her back, stretched out at full
length, the automatic pistol resting on her chest. As he came up, her hand
slid off the weapon, leaving it undisturbed.
A uniformed officer, who had been the first policeman at the scene, found a
note on a table against the living-room wall. Written in pencil on a small
piece of ruled stationery, it read:
"Goodbye Daddy and Baby. I can't go on any longer. Be a good girl and a good
Daddy. Your Mamma."
Jenkins said that Baby was the pet name he and his wife used for their
daughter. He identified the pistol as his; he occasionally worked on the pay
car and had bought it as, protection in case of a holdup. He said he had
noticed that the gun was missing from its regular place in the bureau, and
although he had mentioned the fact to the building superintendent, he had
not discussed it with his wife because of her previous suicide attempt; he
did not want to stir her up. Mrs. Jenkins had been sent home from work just
two days earlier when a supervisor noticed her resting her head on a desk
and suggested that she take the week off with pay.
Detectives were puzzled by Jenkins' description of his wife's position right
after the shot. While they had seen many suicides by guns, in all these
cases, as far as they could recall, the victims always had fallen forward on
their faces and not on their backs. Adding to their uneasiness was the
gossip they had picked up from neighbors about a possible love affair
between the conductor and Betty. One of the neighbors who had overheard the
couple quarreling said he had heard Mrs. Jenkins shout, "I won't do it. I
won't do it."
Jenkins dismissed the quarrels as ordinary husband-wife squabbles that had
quickly blown over; he had been urging Mrs. Jenkins to quit her job because
of her health. While he admitted that Betty had developed what he termed a
"foolish infatuation" for him while she had been living with them, he
insisted that there had been nothing between himself and the girl, that his
attitude toward her had been that of a father or a big brother; he had loved
only his wife. He said Betty had told him she had carved his initials on her
thighs with a razor blade. He had seen her just once since she left their
apartment when he received a letter from her saying that she was in Ecorse,
Michigan. Since this was a violation of her probation, he had gone there and
urged her to give herself up, serve out her term, and straighten herself
out. She had asked him for money to go to Indiana, where she wanted to stay
with relatives, and he had refused. The girl later had been picked up in
Indiana and was at present at a detention home.
In view of the previous suicide attempt, a coroner's jury returned with a
verdict that Mrs. Jenkins had taken her own life. Jenkins left with his
daughter to visit relatives in Wisconsin. Despite the verdict, detectives
had not stopped working on the case. They showed the suicide note to the
dead woman's supervisor, who said that, although it closely resembled Mrs.
Jenkins' handwriting, it appeared to be somewhat different.
By now the detectives were fully suspicious. The case appeared to be a
long-familiar story to them: an ailing wife, a radiant young girl, and
Jenkins and Betty in love. The conversation overheard by the neighbor, in
which Mrs. Jenkins said she wouldn't do it, indicated to them that the
husband had sought a divorce and the wife had retaliated by turning the girl
in to authorities. And so Jenkins had killed his wife, staging it as a
suicide.
Convinced they were on the right course, they interviewed Betty at the
detention home but made little headway. She was shown the note and admitted
that it did not quite resemble Mrs. Jenkins' handwriting. Later she was
brought to police headquarters for further sessions. And finally Betty began
to talk, confirming what the detectives had thought.
She said that she was the one who actually had written the suicide note,
that during the previous winter, while still living with Mr. and Mrs.
Jenkins, the conductor had told her to practice his wife's handwriting and
then had had her make about a dozen copies of "Goodbye Daddy and Baby" notes
which he dictated to her. He simply told her that he "might need them some
day."
The girl also told of a flaming romance with Jenkins whenever they could be
alone in the apartment and said that he told her many times that he would
"get rid" of his wife and marry her. She added that Jenkins had not told the
complete story of his meeting with her at Ecorse. While he did tell her to
return to Detroit, he also informed her that by the time she was released he
would be free to marry her.
Jenkins still was in Wisconsin and detectives went there, expecting him to
resist returning to Detroit. They were surprised when he voluntarily agreed
to return with them, scoffing at the story told by Betty. He insisted there
had been no romance between them, he had never told her he would marry her,
and he never had dictated any suicide notes to her. During repeated
interrogations he never varied his story that he had been in love with his
wife and had told Betty to stop being foolish about imagining that she was
in love with him.
Jenkins was arrested and charged with the murder of his wife.
During the trial the prosecution pounded home to the jury that it was
impossible for Mrs. Jenkins to fall on her back if she had shot herself.
Betty took the stand and repeated her story of passionate trysts with
Jenkins. This was buttressed by school records showing that she had cut
classes many days when the conductor worked on the afternoon and night
shifts, with the inference drawn that they had spent the day together in the
apartment. Jenkins took the stand in his own defense and denied every
statement made by Betty. He was defended by Allen W. Kent, a former
prosecuting attorney, who called the young girl a "jungle creature" and said
her story was based on revenge because Jenkins had scorned her. Two days
later a jury found Jenkins guilty of first-degree murder and he was
sentenced to life imprisonment.
Jenkins had convinced his lawyer of his innocence and Kent continued to work
on the case, talking to every detective he knew about his theory that a
suicide could fall on his back. He purchased a revolver and practiced
placing it against his head with his feet in various stances and then
slumping to the floor to see how he landed. Four months later, on April 13,
1932, he entered the office of Henry W. Piel, deputy chief of detectives,
and discussed the Jenkins case with him. He pulled a pistol from his pocket
and remarked, "Look, she placed the gun like this," and held it against his
head. Piel hastily shouted a warning to be careful. Kent assured him he had
removed the bullets, once again placed the gun against his head and pulled
the trigger. There was an explosion and Kent slumped to the floor, dead. He
had overlooked the bullet in the firing chamber. An insurance company
refused to pay a $41,500 policy on his life on the grounds that he had
either committed suicide or had been grossly negligent. Two years later a
jury awarded his widow the full amount of the policy.
With the tragic death of Kent, Jenkins lost the only ardent champion of his
claim of innocence, and the years began to pass for him in prison. And then
a new supporter came forward; it was his daughter, Helen. As she grew up she
learned the facts of the case and could not believe that her father had been
in love with Betty; she had seen him rebuff the teenager repeatedly, and she
had witnessed many instances of his devotion to her mother. She started at
the same point as Lawyer Kent had, to disprove the contention that suicides
always fall face forward, but this intelligent young woman tackled the
problem from another angle. She consulted ballistics experts and learned
from them that there were many authentic cases on record of suicides who had
fallen on their backs.
She took this information to the current prosecutor, who became interested
and began a new investigation of the case. Finally on December 23, 1940,
nine years after Jenkins had been sent to jail, he was granted a new trial.
It was an unusual one; only one witness appeared, the daughter, Helen. The
prosecutor introduced affidavits from ballistics experts showing that the
original claim of the prosecution had been in error. He then introduced
through Helen a letter from J. Edgar Hoover, director of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation, in which he certified that FBI handwriting experts had
examined samples of Mrs. Jenkins' handwriting, Betty's handwriting, and the
suicide note and were certain that the note had been written by the dead
woman. The slight differences were due to her emotional strain. The final
bit of evidence was an admission from Betty that her entire story had been a
complete invention, that her pride had been hurt because Jenkins had scoffed
at her when she told him she was in love with him, and so when the
detectives showed her the note and indicated the gossip that was going
around, she had made up her story to fit the theory.
The prosecutor informed the court that his office had conducted a thorough
investigation which proved that Betty had lied, that Mrs. Jenkins actually
had committed suicide. After nine years' imprisonment for a murder that
never happened, Jenkins was freed and left the court with his daughter, a
victim of a teen-aged girl's romance that had existed only in her mind.